From the Archives asked
answered Sep 20, 2014
Sally (my wife) is going back to grad school. the tution cost about $80K. she has a college loan that only covers half the tution and the interest is at 6.7% that start upon disbursement.
we have about $100K in saving. we're looking to buy a house after she graduates in 2 yrs. we are currently living with my parents.
also we have 2 townhouses in baltimore that are under water but we have tenants. Sally makes a lil money and i pay $150 more a month.
so our options are:
1. pay for Sally's school using our savings. less debt but will take a chuck from our down payment.
2. do the college loan $40K at 6.7%
3. take out the $40K on my retirement plan. its a 2.3% and i pay back the interest to myself.
the other $40K for tuition i should be able to pay out of pocket b/c we dont have that much expense living with my parents.
im leaning towards option 3. it sucks taking money out of compound interest gain but its the lesser evil IMO.
what do u think?
Philip's answer
It's an interesting question you're asking. No obvious answer. But here are the things to think about.
You should look at your net assets and liabilities, as a whole, in your life when making decisions. In other words, don't think about these decisions separately -- think holistically, then make the right decision taking into account every last thing.
Example: let's say you have a big mortgage (say, $300k). And you also have $100k saved up that you're currently putting into some pretty safe investments (e.g. US government bonds, or perhaps even just a CD at a bank for negligible interest). By not putting the $100k into paying off your mortgage, you're essentially doing the equivalent of borrowing $100k (at whatever your mortgage rate is) in order to invest it. That's ultimately a risky move, even though many, many people do it (including myself many years ago). It just seems so "safe" -- but it really isn't.
I don't know all the specifics, but I believe #3 is likely best (borrowing from your own retirement, assuming you can and will pay it back, and that the interest/etc is paid to yourself and also has some tax benefits, probably). #2's not great for a few reasons: it's high interest, and it's also ultimately going to hurt your ability to get a mortgage as well (because banks will account for all of your liabilities when deciding how much to loan you).
Don't worry about the issue of "taking money out of compound interest gain" (in #3) -- because you're ultimately doing so in order to avoid #2; if you did #2, you'd essentially be borrowing money at 6.7% in order to invest it in your retirement (at whatever rate it's earning right now; and very few people are really getting anywhere near 6.7% in low-risk gains these days).
What I don't know is whether #1 might even be a better choice than #3. If you haven't bought a house before, I believe some laws in the US allow you to borrow from a 401(k) in order to make a first-time home purchase (once again, paying the interest to yourself). If that's the case still, and if it applies to your retirement account, then #1 sounds better than #3 even -- because you keep your money in your tax-free retirement account over the next 2 years earning interest, and then you borrow from your retirement account only when you're ready to buy a house. You might investigate this path; if everything lines up like I suspect it will, #1 is strictly better than #3.